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	<title>textura de grano archivos | Trigueros</title>
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		<title>PinB-D1</title>
		<link>https://trigueros.info/pinb-d1/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[lvanzetti]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Nov 2019 00:19:36 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Calidad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Genes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marcadores]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[calidad industrial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marcadores moleculares]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[textura de grano]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>MARCADORES PinB-D1 Este marcador CAPS (secuencia polimórfica escindida amplificada) permite diferenciar una mutación que produce un cambio de secuencia aminoacídica (Gly-Ser) que diferencia al alelo blando PinB-D1a del alelo duro PinB-D1b mediante la digestión con BsrB1 (Gautier et al., 1994) y otra mutación (Leu-Pro) que caracteriza al alelo duro PinB-D1c mediante digestión con PvuII (Lillemo [&#8230;]</p>
<p>La entrada <a href="https://trigueros.info/pinb-d1/">PinB-D1</a> se publicó primero en <a href="https://trigueros.info">Trigueros</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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					<h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">MARCADORES</h1>				</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large"><i>PinB-D1</i></h2>				</div>
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									<p>Este marcador CAPS (secuencia polimórfica escindida amplificada) permite diferenciar una mutación que produce un cambio de secuencia aminoacídica (Gly-Ser) que diferencia al alelo blando <em>PinB-D1a</em> del alelo duro <em>PinB-D1b</em> mediante la digestión con BsrB1 (Gautier et al<em>.,</em> 1994) y otra mutación (Leu-Pro) que caracteriza al alelo duro PinB-D1c mediante digestión con PvuII (Lillemo et al., 2000)</p>								</div>
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									<p>En este marcador se obtiene una amplificación de un segmento de 447 pb del gen <em>PinB-D1</em>. Los productos de PCR son digeridos con la enzima de restricción <em>BsrB1</em>, esta enzima reconoce la secuencia de ADN que presenta una mutación que produce un cambio en la secuencia aminoacídica de glicina a serina. Luego de la digestión, un fragmento de 320 pb es esperado en los genotipos que presentan el alelo <em>PinB-D1a</em> (Textura Blanda) mientras que un fragmento de 220 pb es esperado en los genotipos que presentan el alelo <em>PinB-D1b</em> (Textura Dura)</p>								</div>
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															<img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="702" src="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinB_D1_gel-1024x702.webp" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-11383" alt="Gel de electroforesis cuyas bandas permiten discernir fragmentos que indican presencia de los alelos PinB-D1a o PinB-D1b." srcset="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinB_D1_gel-1024x702.webp 1024w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinB_D1_gel-300x206.webp 300w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinB_D1_gel-768x527.webp 768w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinB_D1_gel-1536x1053.webp 1536w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinB_D1_gel-2048x1404.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" />															</div>
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									<p>Los productos de PCR digeridos con la enzima <em>BsrB1</em> son visualizados en geles de agarosa al 2% teñidos con bromuro de etidio. La flecha amarilla marca el fragmento de 320 pb perteneciente al alelo <em>PinB-D1a</em> (calles 1 y 4) mientras que la presencia de la banda de 220 (calles 2 y 3) señala la presencia del alelo <em>PinB-D1b. </em>La flecha azul señala el fragmento de 300 pb del marcador de peso molecular de 100 pb (Biodynamics).</p><p>Para detectar el alelo <em>Pinb-D1c</em> se emplean los mismos primers que para <em>PinB-D1</em> y posteriormente se hace digestión con la endonucleasa <em>PvuII</em> cuyo sitio de restricción coincide con la posición 60 del gen de la puroindolina b, donde, en el alelo <em>PinB-D1c</em> ocurre una sustitución de una T por una C que produce el cambio de una leucina por una prolina. Si el alelo <em>PinB-D1c</em> está presente, no ocurre corte y el fragmento amplificado es de 448 pb, por otro lado, si el alelo no es <em>PinB-D1c</em> la enzima de restricción escinde la secuencia en la posición 60 produciendo dos fragmentos de 264 pb y 184 pb (Lillemo et al., 2000, Li et al., 2008, Chen et al., 2013).</p>								</div>
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									<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Primers (<em>PinB-D1a</em>, <em>PinB-D1b</em>):</strong></span></p><p>PinB-D1-F:  5&#8242;- ATG AAG ACC TTA TTC CTC CTA -3&#8242;</p><p>PinB-D1-R:  5&#8242;- TCA CCA GTA ATA GCC ACT AGG GAA -3&#8242;</p><p><strong>Concentración final de productos utilizados en las reacciones de PCR:</strong></p><p>1X Taq buffer (libre de Mg); dNTP: 200 µM c/u; MgCl<sub>2</sub>: 1.5 mM; primers: 0.2 µM c/u; Taq: 1 U; ADN genómico: 50-100 ng/reacción; Volumen final: 25 µl</p><p><strong>Programa de PCR </strong></p><p>Desnaturalización: 94 °C, 4 min; Amplificación (40 ciclos); 94 °C 45 seg, 50 °C 45 seg, 72 °C 45 seg; Extensión: 72 °C 15 min</p><p><strong>Digestión con la enzima <em>BsrB1</em></strong></p><p>10 µl de producto de PCR fueron incubados durante 2hs a 37 ºC con 5 U de enzima <em>BsrB1.</em></p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Primers (<em>PinB-D1c</em>)</strong></span></p><p>PinB-D1-F: 5&#8242;- GAG CCT CAA CCC ATC TAT TCA TC -3&#8242;</p><p>PinB-D1-R: 5’- CAA GGG TGA TTT TAT TCA TAG -3’</p><p><strong>Concentración final de productos utilizados en las reacciones de PCR:</strong></p><p>1X Taq buffer (libre de Mg); dNTP: 200 µM c/u; MgCl<sub>2</sub>: 1.5 µM; primers: 0.2 µM c/u; Taq: 1 U; ADN genómico: 100 ng/reacción; Volumen final: 25 µl<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Programa de PCR </strong></p><p>Desnaturalización: 94°C, 5 min; Amplificación (35 ciclos); 94°C 50 seg, 50°C 50 seg, 72°C 1 min; Extensión: 72°C 10 min</p><p><strong>Digestión con la enzima <em>PvuII</em></strong></p><p>30 µl de producto de PCR fueron incubados durante 1h a 37ºC con 2 U de enzima <em>PvuII</em></p>								</div>
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									<p><strong>Caracterización de la Variabilidad Genética presente en Variedades Argentinas de Trigo.</strong></p>								</div>
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														<span class="data-table-header-text">PinB-D1</span></th>
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														<span class="data-table-header-text">Variedad</span></th>
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													<p style="text-align: left">55CL, ACA 901, ACA 903B, ACA 906, ACA 907, BAGUETTE 17, BAGUETTE 31, BIOINTA 1000, BIOINTA 1002, BIOINTA 1003, BIOINTA 1005, BIOINTA 1006, BIOINTA 3004, BIOINTA 3005, BUCK BRASIL, BUCK HUANCHEN, BUCK MALEVO, BUCK NAPOSTA, BUCK PINGO, BUCK PRONTO, BUCK PUELCHE, BUCK TAITA, DM AREX, DM ATLAX, DM CRONOX, DM ONIX, INIA CENTINELA, INIA TORCAZA, KLEIN ATLAS, KLEIN BRUJO, KLEIN CACIQUE, KLEIN CAPRICORNIO, KLEIN CARPINCHO, KLEIN CASTOR, KLEIN ESCORPION, KLEIN GAVILAN, KLEIN GLADIADOR, KLEIN GUERRERO, KLEIN LEON, KLEIN PANTERA, KLEIN RAYO, KLEIN TAURO, KLEIN TIGRE, KLEIN ZORRO, LE 2333, LE 2341, PROINTA ELITE, PROINTA GAUCHO</p>												</div></div>
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													<p style="text-align: left">ACA 201, ACA 202, ACA 223, ACA 320, BAGUETTE 10, BAGUETTE 19, BAGUETTE 21, BAGUETTE 9, BAGUETTE P. 11, BARLETTA 77, BIOINTA 1001, BIOINTA 1004, BIOINTA 2001, BIOINTA 2004, BIOINTA 3003, BUCK BIGUA, BUCK CHACARERO, BUCK GUAPO, BUCK MANGRULLO, BUCK METEORO, BUCK RANQUEL, DM THEMIX, INIA CHURRINCHE, INIA CONDOR, KLEIN CENTAURO, KLEIN CHAJA, KLEIN DONENRIQUE, KLEIN NUTRIA, KLEIN PROTEO, KLEIN YARARA, LE 2330, LE 2331, MARCOS JUAREZ INTA, OLAETA ARTILLERO, PROINTA GRANAR, SY 100, SY 200, SY 300</p>												</div></div>
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													c												</div></div>
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													<p style="text-align: left">BAGUETTE 30</p>												</div></div>
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									<p><strong>a</strong> = alelo Blando; <strong>b</strong> = alelo Duro;&nbsp;<strong>c</strong> = alelo Duro.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Aclaración</span>: Los datos de la caracterización molecular aquí mostrados pueden contener variaciones según el origen de las semillas utilizadas, se recomienda utilizarlos de manera orientativa.</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large">pODCAST sOBRE PinB-D1</h2>				</div>
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									<audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-1396-1" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/PinB-D1_El_Misterio_del_Trigo_Duro__La_Genetica_de_PinB-D1_Adherencia.mp3?_=1" /><a href="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/PinB-D1_El_Misterio_del_Trigo_Duro__La_Genetica_de_PinB-D1_Adherencia.mp3">https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/PinB-D1_El_Misterio_del_Trigo_Duro__La_Genetica_de_PinB-D1_Adherencia.mp3</a></audio><p>Podcast generado mediante Inteligencia Artificial NotebookLM de Google en base a la bibliografía propuesta en esta sección.</p>								</div>
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									<p><strong>Referencias</strong></p><ul><li>Chen, F., Li, H., &amp; Cui, D. (2013). Discovery, distribution and diversity of Puroindoline-D1 genes in bread wheat from five countries (Triticum aestivum L.). <em>BMC Plant Biology</em>, <em>13</em>(1), 125. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-13-125" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-13-125</a></li><li>Gautier, M.-F., Aleman, M.-E., Guirao, A., Marion, D., &amp; Joudrier, P. (1994). Triticum aestivum puroindolines, two basic cystine-rich seed proteins: cDNA sequence analysis and developmental gene expression. <em>Plant Molecular Biology</em>, <em>25</em>(1), 43–57. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00024197" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00024197</a></li><li>Li, G., He, Z., Lillemo, M., Sun, Q., &amp; Xia, X. (2008). Molecular characterization of allelic variations at Pina and Pinb loci in Shandong wheat landraces, historical and current cultivars. <em>Journal of Cereal Science</em>, <em>47</em>(3), 510-517. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2007.06.003" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2007.06.003</a></li><li>Lillemo, M., &amp; Morris, C. F. (2000). A leucine to proline mutation in puroindoline B is frequently present in hard wheats from Northern Europe. <em>Theoretical and Applied Genetics</em>, <em>100</em>(7), 1100-1107. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051392" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051392</a></li></ul>								</div>
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		<p>La entrada <a href="https://trigueros.info/pinb-d1/">PinB-D1</a> se publicó primero en <a href="https://trigueros.info">Trigueros</a>.</p>
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		<enclosure url="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/PinB-D1_El_Misterio_del_Trigo_Duro__La_Genetica_de_PinB-D1_Adherencia.mp3" length="7862230" type="audio/mpeg" />

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		<title>PinA-D1</title>
		<link>https://trigueros.info/pina-d1/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[lvanzetti]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Nov 2019 00:03:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Calidad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Genes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marcadores]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[calidad industrial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marcadores moleculares]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[textura de grano]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://trigueros.info/wordpress/?p=1387</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>MARCADORES PinA-D1 Gautier et al. (1994) desarrollaron un marcador molecular dominante para este gen. El alelo PinA-D1a (Textura Blanda) está asociado a la amplificación de un fragmento de ADN de 330 pb mientras que el alelo PinA-D1b (Textura Dura) presenta ausencia de amplificación debido a una deleción del gen PinA-D1 Los productos de PCR son [&#8230;]</p>
<p>La entrada <a href="https://trigueros.info/pina-d1/">PinA-D1</a> se publicó primero en <a href="https://trigueros.info">Trigueros</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large">PinA-D1</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Gautier <em>et al.</em> (1994) desarrollaron un marcador molecular dominante para este gen. El alelo <em>PinA-D1a</em> (Textura Blanda) está asociado a la amplificación de un fragmento de ADN de 330 pb mientras que el alelo <em>PinA-D1b</em> (Textura Dura) presenta ausencia de amplificación debido a una deleción del gen <em>PinA-D1</em></p>								</div>
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									<p>Los productos de PCR son visualizados en geles de agarosa al 2% teñidos con bromuro de etidio. La flecha amarilla marca el fragmento de ADN de 330 pb perteneciente al alelo <em>PinA-D1a</em> (calles 3 y 4) mientras que la ausencia de banda (calles 1 y 2) señala la presencia del alelo <em>PinA-D1b. </em>La flecha azul señala el fragmento de 400 pb del marcador de peso molecular de 100 pb (Invitrogen)</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" width="768" height="540" src="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinA_D1_-gel_Trigueros-768x540.webp" class="attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-11376" alt="Gel de electroforesis donde la presencia de bandas indica el alelo PinA-D1a mientras su ausencia indica la presencia de PinA-D1b" srcset="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinA_D1_-gel_Trigueros-768x540.webp 768w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinA_D1_-gel_Trigueros-300x211.webp 300w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinA_D1_-gel_Trigueros-1024x720.webp 1024w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinA_D1_-gel_Trigueros-1536x1079.webp 1536w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/PinA_D1_-gel_Trigueros-2048x1439.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px" />															</div>
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									<p><strong>Primers</strong></p><p>Pina-D1-F:  5&#8242;- CCC TGT AGA GAC AAA GCT AA -3&#8242;</p><p>Pina-D1-R:  5&#8242;- TCA CCA GTA ATA GCC AAT AGT G -3&#8242;  </p><p><strong>Concentración final de productos utilizados en las reacciones de PCR:</strong></p><p>1X Taq buffer (libre de Mg); dNTP: 200 µM c/u; MgCl<sub>2</sub>: 3.0 mM; primers: 0.2 µM c/u; Taq: 1 U; ADN genómico: 50-100 ng/reacción; Volumen final: 25 µl</p><p><strong> Programa de PCR:</strong></p><p>Desnaturalización: 94 °C, 4 min; Amplificación (40 ciclos); 94 °C 45 seg, 50 °C 45 seg, 72 °C 45 seg; Extensión: 72 °C 15 min</p>								</div>
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									<p><strong>Caracterización de la Variabilidad Genética presente en Variedades Argentinas de Trigo.</strong></p>								</div>
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														<span class="data-table-header-text">PinA-D1</span></th>
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														<span class="data-table-header-text">Variedad</span></th>
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													<p style="text-align: left">55CL, ACA 901, ACA 903B, ACA 906, ACA 907, BIOINTA 1000, BIOINTA 1002, BIOINTA 1003, BIOINTA 1005, BIOINTA 1006, BIOINTA 3004, BIOINTA 3005, BUCK AGP FAST, BUCK BRASIL, BUCK HUANCHEN, BUCK MALEVO, BUCK PINGO, BUCK PRONTO, BUCK PUELCHE, BUCK TAITA, DM AREX, DM ATLAX, DM CRONOX, DM ONIX, INIA CENTINELA, INIA TORCAZA, KLEIN BRUJO, KLEIN CACIQUE, KLEIN CAPRICORNIO, KLEIN CARPINCHO, KLEIN CASTOR, KLEIN ESCORPION, KLEIN GAVILAN, KLEIN GLADIADOR, KLEIN GUERRERO, KLEIN LEON, KLEIN PANTERA, KLEIN RAYO, KLEIN TAURO, KLEIN TIGRE, KLEIN ZORRO, LE 2333, LE 2341, PROINTA ELITE, PROINTA GAUCHO</p>												</div></div>
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													a												</div></div>
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													<p style="text-align: left">ACA 201, ACA 202, ACA 223, ACA 320, ACA 801, BAGUETTE 10, BAGUETTE 17, BAGUETTE 18, BAGUETTE 19, BAGUETTE 21, BAGUETTE 30, BAGUETTE 31, BAGUETTE 9, BAGUETTE P. 11, BARLETTA 77, BIOINTA 1001, BIOINTA 1004, BIOINTA 2001, BIOINTA 2004, BIOINTA 3003, BUCK 75 ANIVERSARIO, BUCK BAQUEANO, BUCK BIGUA, BUCK CHACARERO, BUCK GUAPO, BUCK MANGRULLO, BUCK METEORO, BUCK NAPOSTA, BUCK NORTEÑO, BUCK RANQUEL, DM THEMIX, INIA CHURRINCHE, INIA CONDOR, KLEIN 32, KLEIN ATLAS, KLEIN CENTAURO, KLEIN CHAJA, KLEIN DONENRIQUE, KLEIN IMPACTO, KLEIN NUTRIA, KLEIN PROTEO, KLEIN RENDIDOR, KLEIN YARARA, LE 2330, LE 2331, MARCOS JUAREZ INTA, OLAETA ARTILLERO, PROINTA GRANAR, SY 100, SY 200, SY 300</p>												</div></div>
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									<p><strong>a</strong> = alelo blando; <strong>b</strong> = alelo duro.</p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Aclaración</span>: Los datos de la caracterización molecular aquí mostrados pueden contener variaciones según el origen de las semillas utilizadas, se recomienda utilizarlos de manera orientativa.</p>								</div>
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									<p><strong>Referencias</strong></p><ul><li><p>Gautier, M.-F., Aleman, M.-E., Guirao, A., Marion, D., &amp; Joudrier, P. (1994). Triticum aestivum puroindolines, two basic cystine-rich seed proteins: cDNA sequence analysis and developmental gene expression. <em>Plant Molecular Biology</em>, <em>25</em>(1), 43–57. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00024197" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00024197</a></p></li></ul>								</div>
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		<p>La entrada <a href="https://trigueros.info/pina-d1/">PinA-D1</a> se publicó primero en <a href="https://trigueros.info">Trigueros</a>.</p>
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		<title>Textura de Grano</title>
		<link>https://trigueros.info/textura-de-grano/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Ivan Muñoz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Nov 2019 02:01:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Calidad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Genes]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marcadores]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[calidad industrial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[friabilinas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marcadores de calidad]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[marcadores moleculares]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[puroindolina A]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[puroindolina B]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[puroindolinas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[textura de grano]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://trigueros.info/wordpress/?p=1363</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>MARCADORES Textura de grano Un factor importante en la determinación de la calidad del trigo es la textura del grano. Los trigos más duros requieren más energía en la molienda que los trigos blandos, para reducir el endosperma en harina. Esto produce una mayor proporción de gránulos de almidón dañados y estos absorben mayor cantidad [&#8230;]</p>
<p>La entrada <a href="https://trigueros.info/textura-de-grano/">Textura de Grano</a> se publicó primero en <a href="https://trigueros.info">Trigueros</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large">Textura de grano</h2>				</div>
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									<p>Un factor importante en la determinación de la calidad del trigo es la textura del grano. Los trigos más duros requieren más energía en la molienda que los trigos blandos, para reducir el endosperma en harina. Esto produce una mayor proporción de gránulos de almidón dañados y estos absorben mayor cantidad de agua que los gránulos intactos. Es así que los trigos duros son preferidos para la elaboración de productos leudados como el pan mientras que los trigos blandos son preferidos para la elaboración de productos no leudados como galletitas y bizcochuelos (Tranquilli et al<em>.</em>, 2002).</p>								</div>
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									<p>Estudios bioquímicos demostraron la existencia de un complejo de proteínas denominado <strong>friabilinas</strong> que rodea la superficie de los gránulos de almidón, estas proteínas se encuentran en niveles altos en los trigos blandos y en niveles relativamente bajos en los trigos de textura más dura (Greenwell y Schofield, 1986). La acumulación de friabilinas en el grano es controlada por el <em>locus Ha, </em>ubicado en el brazo corto del cromosoma 5D (Jolly et al<em>.</em>, 1993).</p>
<p>Las friabilinas incluyen proteínas ricas en cisteínas con afinidad a los lípidos denominadas <a href="https://trigueros.info/index.php/pina-d1/">puroindolina A</a>, <a href="https://trigueros.info/index.php/pinb-d1/">puroindolina B</a> (PINA y PINB), y en menor medida a la familia de proteínas GSP-1 (<em>grain soft protein</em>) (Gautier et al<em>.</em>, 1994). La expresión simultánea de las proteínas normales para los <em>loci PinA-D1a </em>y <em>PinB-D1a </em>caracteriza a los trigos blandos.</p>								</div>
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															<img decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Grano_de_Trigo_Pexels-1024x768.webp" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-11369" alt="Imagen ilustrativa de la sección Textura de Grano, donde se observa una mano mostrando granos de trigo." srcset="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Grano_de_Trigo_Pexels-1024x768.webp 1024w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Grano_de_Trigo_Pexels-300x225.webp 300w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Grano_de_Trigo_Pexels-768x576.webp 768w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Grano_de_Trigo_Pexels-1536x1152.webp 1536w, https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Grano_de_Trigo_Pexels-2048x1536.webp 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" />															</div>
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									<p><strong>Caracterización de variedades argentinas de trigo utilizando los marcadores moleculares asociados a textura de grano anteriormente descriptos.</strong></p>								</div>
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														<span class="data-table-header-text">PinA-D1</span></th>
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														<span class="data-table-header-text">Textura</span></th>
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													<p style="text-align: left">ACA 201; ACA 202; ACA 223; ACA 320; Baguette 10; Baguette 19; Baguette 21; Baguette 9; Baguette P. 11; Barletta 77; BIOINTA 1001; BIOINTA 1004; BIOINTA 2001; BIOINTA 2004; BIOINTA 3003; BsYN 100; BsYN 200; BsYN 300; Buck Biguá; Buck Chacarero; Buck Guapo; Buck Mangrullo; Buck Meteoro; Buck Ranquel; Don Mario Themix; INIA Churrinche; INIA Cóndor; Klein Centauro; Klein Chajá; Klein Don Enrique; Klein Nutria; Klein Proteo; Klein Yarará; LE 2330; LE 2331; Marcos Juárez INTA; Olaeta Artillero; ProINTA Granar; ProINTA Oasis; Relmó Sirirí; sinvalocho; SRN Nogal</p>												</div></div>
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													<p style="text-align: left">55 CL; ACA 901; ACA 903B; ACA 906; ACA 907; BIOINTA 1000; BIOINTA 1002; BIOINTA 1003; BIOINTA 1005; BIOINTA 1006; BIOINTA 3004; BIOINTA 3005; Buck Brasil; Buck Huanchen; Buck Malevo; Buck Pingo; Buck Pronto; Buck Puelche; Buck Taita; Don Mario Arex; Don Mario Atlax; Don Mario Cronox; Don Mario Onix; INIA Centinela; INIA Torcaza; Klein Brujo; Klein Cacique; Klein Capricornio; Klein Carpincho; Klein Castor; Klein Escorpión; Klein Gavilán; Klein Gladiador; Klein Guerrero; Klein León; Klein Pantera; Klein Rayo; Klein Tauro; Klein Tigre; Klein Zorro; LE 2333; LE 2341; ProINTA Elite; ProINTA Gaucho; ProINTA Guazú; ProINTA Isla Verde</p>												</div></div>
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													Blanda												</div></div>
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													BIOINTA 3007BB												</div></div>
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									<p><strong>Fuente:</strong> Vanzetti <em>et al. </em>(2013); Laboratorio de Biotecnología EEA INTA Marcos Juárez.</p>								</div>
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									<p>Por otro lado, diversos estudios genético-moleculares han asociado distintos tipos de mutaciones (mutaciones nulas, cambios de aminoácidos) en alguno de los dos genes de puroindolinas con la textura dura de endosperma, adecuada para la elaboración de pan tradicional (Giroux et al<em>.</em>, 1997; Morris et al<em>.</em>, 2001). Por otro lado, los trigos candeales deben su elevada dureza a que no presentan puroindolinas en su genoma (Morris, 2002).</p>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-large">podcast sobre textura de grano</h2>				</div>
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									<audio class="wp-audio-shortcode" id="audio-1363-2" preload="none" style="width: 100%;" controls="controls"><source type="audio/mpeg" src="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Textura_de_Grano_El_Codigo_Secreto_del_Trigo__Genes_Proteinas_y_la_Dureza_Perfecta_para_tu_Pan_o_Pastel.mp3?_=2" /><a href="https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Textura_de_Grano_El_Codigo_Secreto_del_Trigo__Genes_Proteinas_y_la_Dureza_Perfecta_para_tu_Pan_o_Pastel.mp3">https://trigueros.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/Textura_de_Grano_El_Codigo_Secreto_del_Trigo__Genes_Proteinas_y_la_Dureza_Perfecta_para_tu_Pan_o_Pastel.mp3</a></audio><p>Podcast generado mediante Inteligencia Artificial NotebookLM de Google en base a la bibliografía propuesta en esta sección.</p>								</div>
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									<p><strong>Referencias</strong></p><ul><li>Giroux, M. J., &amp; Morris, C. F. (1997). A glycine to serine change in puroindoline b is associated with wheat grain hardness and low levels of starch-surface friabilin. <em>Theoretical and Applied Genetics</em>, <em>95</em>(5-6), 857–864. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050636" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050636</a></li><li>‌Greenwell, P., &amp; Schofield, J.D. (1986). A starch granule protein associated with endosperm softness in wheat. <em>Cereal Chemistry</em>. <em>63</em>: 379-380. <a href="https://www.cerealsgrains.org/publications/cc/backissues/1986/Documents/chem63_379.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.cerealsgrains.org/publications/cc/backissues/1986/Documents/chem63_379.pdf</a></li><li>Jolly, C. J., Rahman, S., Kortt, A. A., &amp; Higgins, T. J. V. (1993). Characterisation of the wheat Mr 15000 “grain-softness protein” and analysis of the relationship between its accumulation in the whole seed and grain softness. <em>Theoretical and Applied Genetics</em>, <em>86</em>(5), 589–597. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00838714" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00838714</a></li><li>Morris, C. F., Lillemo, M., Simeone, M. C., Giroux, M. J., Babb, S. L., &amp; Kidwell, K. K. (2001). Prevalence of Puroindoline Grain Hardness Genotypes among Historically Significant North American Spring and Winter Wheats. <em>Crop Science</em>, <em>41</em>(1), 218–228. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.411218x" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.411218x</a></li><li>Morris, C. F. (2002). Puroindolines: the molecular genetic basis of wheat grain hardness. <em>Plant molecular biology</em>, <em>48</em>, 633-647. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014837431178" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014837431178</a></li><li><div>Tranquilli, G., Heaton, J., Chicaiza, O., &amp; Dubcovsky, J. (2002). Substitutions and Deletions of Genes Related to Grain Hardness in Wheat and Their Effect on Grain Texture. <em>Crop Science</em>, <em>42</em>(6), 1812–1817. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.1812" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.1812</a></div></li><li><p>Vanzetti, L. S., Yerkovich, N., Chialvo, E., Lombardo, L., Vaschetto, L., &amp; Helguera, M. (2013). Genetic structure of Argentinean hexaploid wheat germplasm. <em>Genetics and Molecular Biology</em>, <em>36</em>(3), 391–399. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572013000300014" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1590/s1415-47572013000300014</a></p></li></ul>								</div>
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					<h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Marcadores para textura de grano</h2>				</div>
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					<h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Ver Marcadores</h3>				</div>
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									<span class="elementor-button-text">PinA-D1</span>
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		<p>La entrada <a href="https://trigueros.info/textura-de-grano/">Textura de Grano</a> se publicó primero en <a href="https://trigueros.info">Trigueros</a>.</p>
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